![]() With polishing and chemical dips, a small amount of the silver is lost in the cleaning process. Chemical dips used to clean silver contain chemicals that dissolve the silver sulfide. Today silver is mostly cleaned chemically. This meant hours and hours of scrubbing with a silver polish that worked similarly to very fine-grained sandpaper. Once silver is tarnished, how can you get rid of the dark coating and make it shiny again? For many generations, the solution was to rub the tarnish off the silver mechanically. You can find details on the electron transfer processes in the silver tarnishing reaction in the Technical Note. ![]() Those electrons are transferred to the oxygen. In the silver tarnishing reaction, silver loses electrons. ![]() Many batteries run on redox reactions in which chemical energy is converted to electrical energy. The flow of electrons creates an electric current, or electricity. Redox reactions are chemical reactions that involve the transfer of electrons (negatively charged particles) from one reaction partner to another. The silver tarnishing reaction is a special type of chemical reaction called a reduction-oxidation (redox) reaction. Stereeman, Solid State Electronic Devices, 2nd edn. (Addision-Wisley Publishing company Inc., USA, 1978), pp1–569.ī.G. Cullity, Elements of of X Ray Diffractions, 2nd edn. Paper presented at Material Research Society Symp. Nair, Absorber films of Ag 2S, AgBiS 2 prepared by chemical bath deposition. Arkhipov, Thin Film Solar Cells-Fabrication, Characterization and Application, England, Wiley Series in Material for electronic and optoelectronics applications, p. (A John Wiley & Sons Inc Publication, New Jersey USA, 2010), pp1–648.ī. Partain, Solar Cells and their Applications, 2nd edn. ![]() Erdmann, Energy Economics Theory and Applications, Energy Economics Theory and Applications (Springer Nature, Berlin, Germany, 2017), pp1–324. The results of characterization confirm the deposition of a very thin layer of TiO 2/AgBi 2S 3, which will be further explored for photovoltaic applications. TiO 2’s optical energy gap was reduced from 3.07 eV to 1.7 eV after sensitization with AgBi 2S 3 nanoparticles. The absorbance of TiO 2/AgBi 2S 3 thin film increased over the entire visible and IR regions of the spectrum. Nanoparticles of the ternary metal chalcogenide AgBi 2S 3 with a diameter of about 150–200 nm were synthesized chemically, and this layer, with a thickness of about 15 µm, was deposited on the FTO glass substrate. The synthesized layer of TiO 2/AgBi 2S 3 was characterized by techniques such as XRD, UV–visible spectroscopy, surface morphology, energy dispersive x-ray composition analysis, and cross-section. This work reports the chemical deposition of a nanostructured thin film of ternary compound silver bismuth sulfide (AgBi 2S 3) on a mesoporous layer of titanium dioxide (TiO 2) deposited by a spin coating method. It also has a high absorption coefficient of 10 5 cm −1 at 600 nm. It has an energy gap of 1.2 eV, which is very close to the exemplary energy gap of 1.39 eV for solar cell absorbers. Silver bismuth sulfide (AgBi 2S 3) belongs to the I–V–VI group of semiconducting materials and is a non-toxic, earth capacious compound. ![]()
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